The macula is the small part of the retina responsible for central
vision. A tear or hole in the macula impairs a person's ability to see.
Many activities, including reading and writing, may become nearly impossible.
This
condition, most prevalent among the elderly, arises when the vitreous
(the jelly-like substance which fills the inner eye) becomes condensed
and fibrous. The fibers often bond to the macula, and when they shrink,
they exert a pulling force. A hole is opened (see Figure 1), and the surrounding
tissue peels away from the eye, causing a loss of central vision.
To repair
the macular hole, the surgeon removes the vitreous and replaces it with
a gas bubble (see Figure 2). The bubble rises and applies pressure to
the area in need of healing. Since the macula is at the back of the eye,
the gas bubble will only work if the patient's head is positioned facedown.
Pressure
against the hole flattens the macula against the wall of the eye (see
Figure 3), and the impaired visual area is minimized. During the ensuing
weeks, the afflicted eye will begin to heal, the macula will re-bond to
the eye wall, and a new vitreous replaces the gas bubble.
Macular hole surgery is an easy, painless procedure with a successful
track record of improving or virtually restoring vision. The real challenge
for the patient is dealing with the monotony, stress and discomfort of
a 22-24 hour-a-day facedown postoperative position until the gas bubble
is absorbed--usually over a 2 to 6 week period.
Using these ergonomic positioning aids the patient is able to comply with
the strict positioning required, while comfortable writing, watching TV,
talking with friends or sleeping.
This
condition, most prevalent among the elderly, arises when the vitreous
(the jelly-like substance which fills the inner eye) becomes condensed
and fibrous. The fibers often bond to the macula, and when they shrink,
they exert a pulling force. A hole is opened (see Figure 1), and the surrounding
tissue peels away from the eye, causing a loss of central vision.
To repair
the macular hole, the surgeon removes the vitreous and replaces it with
a gas bubble (see Figure 2). The bubble rises and applies pressure to
the area in need of healing. Since the macula is at the back of the eye,
the gas bubble will only work if the patient's head is positioned facedown.
Pressure
against the hole flattens the macula against the wall of the eye (see
Figure 3), and the impaired visual area is minimized. During the ensuing
weeks, the afflicted eye will begin to heal, the macula will re-bond to
the eye wall, and a new vitreous replaces the gas bubble.